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The function of trunk lines in pipeline transportation primarily involves transporting oil from gathering lines to refineries. Gathering lines are used to collect crude oil from production sites, and trunk lines serve as the main arteries that move this crude oil over longer distances to processing facilities, specifically refineries. Trunk lines are designed for high-capacity transport and are crucial for ensuring efficient and continuous flow of oil, contributing significantly to the overall supply chain within the oil industry.

Understanding this process helps clarify the differentiated roles within pipeline transport. For instance, while the gathering lines focus on the initial collection of crude oil, trunk lines facilitate the larger-scale movement necessary to make the crude oil available for refinement, which is critical for producing usable products. Other options pertain to functions that are not aligned with the primary purpose of trunk lines, such as extracting crude oil or distributing gas directly to consumers, which fall under different aspects of pipeline operation.